Women- During the immediate postpartum period, breastfeeding causes a signal to be released from the maternal brain which stimulates increased uterine contractions and, therefore, lessens mom's overall blood loss. Breastfeeding has also been shown to contribute to feelings of relaxation and attachment between mom and newborn. In addition, the occurrence of pregnancy-induced long-term obesity is reduced in women who breastfeed.

Who can breastfeed? Nearly every woman can breastfeed, given patience and support. There are some maternal conditions (for example, after some breast surgeries, structural problems, women who use drugs or alcohol, women who have certain infections, and when taking some medications) that may preclude these women from breastfeeding. Each woman should discuss her individual scenario with her physician.

For those who choose not to or cannot breastfeed: Milk production will stop during the first few days after delivery. Hormone treatment to stop milk production is no longer recommended. A well-supported bra, ice packs, and pain medications if needed should be used. If a woman changes her mind in the first few days, she still may be able to initiate breastfeeding.

Maintaining milk supply: Most important is to regularly breastfeed. Newborns should be nursed approximately 8-12 times every 24 hours until they appear full. Time at breast varies, but may be 10-15 minutes at each breast. In the first week, breast fed infants should have at least 6 urinations and 3-4 stools per day. Breastfeeding women need approximately 500 more calories per day, and should have at least 1000mg of calcium per day between diet and supplements.

Birth control: Hormonal contraceptive of choice are progestin-only, as they do not affect quality of breast milk. Estrogen-progestin contraceptives have been shown to reduce the quantity and quality of breast milk, and in most instances, should not be started until at least 6 months after delivery.

When to wean: Most obstetricians and pediatricians recommend exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Even longer is of course beneficial. The weaning process should be gradual, eliminating a feeding every 2-3 days.

These are only guidelines and your individual situations should be discussed with you doctor at The Woman's Wellness Center, P.C.