Breast Cancer - by Henry Zuniga, MD

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Breast Cancer

Written by: Henry Zuniga, MD

Breast Cancer is the most common malignancy of women in the United States. It is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer deaths. One in eight of all women will develop breast cancer by age 90. The exact cause of breast cancer is unclear. Five to 10% are thought to be inherited.

Risk factors for breast cancer include:

	Advancing age Female gender Family history of breast cancer in a first-degree relative

	Personal history of breast, endometrial or ovarian cancer History of radiation exposure Obesity Absence of previous pregnancy, or first pregnancy after age 34 High fat diet

Early detection of breast cancer is possible through a combination of mammograms; breast exams by a physician, and monthly self breast exams.

The American Cancer Society recommends a yearly mammogram beginning at age 40. If a family history of breast cancer is present yearly mammograms should begin prior to age 40. Mammograms can detect 90% of all breast cancers. They can detect very small breast cancers prior to the development of solid mass that is detectable on breast exam.

A breast exam by a physician should be performed annually as part of a routine health exam. Physicians at The Womans Wellness Center will perform this exam along with your yearly papanicalou (pap) test.

A monthly breast examination is an important early detection measure for breast cancer. Detailed instructions for self breast exam are available at The Womans Wellness Center. Also check our Breast Health link that can help you with self examination. A self breast exam should begin in front of a mirror with hands at the side and then over the head. The front and side views of both breasts should be checked for:

symmetry
shape and color
dimpling
skin changes
puckering
nipple discharge and direction

Using the pads of the three middle fingers, each breast should be examined using light, medium, or firm pressure. Any lump, knots or nipple changes should be reported to your physician immediately.

When detected in the early stages, most breast cancer can be treated with removal of the tumor. Removal of the entire breast often is not necessary. For any questions regarding this topic, please contact your physician at The Womans Wellness Center.